Island



(No Model.)

Gr. E. WARING, Jr.

WATER GLOSET AND URINAL.

N0.266,404.. Patented 001;. 24.1882.

Wnesses Inventor Emmen Swart-2s ari-Nr erica..

GEORGE E. WARING, JR., OF NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE DRAINAGE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASS.

WATER-CLOSET AND URlNAL.

,STDECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 266,404, dated October 24, 1882.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE E. WARING, Jr., of Newport, county of Newport, State ot Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful 5 Improvement in Water-Closets, Urinals, and Siep-Hoppers; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ot' the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of' this 1o speclication.

This invention has reference to an improved method for supplying water to water-closets or urinals for discharging their contents and for refilling them with clean water after such discharge. The form of these vessels when constructed according` to my invention is such that they retain water to a considerable depth, this depth being regulated by the height of the overflow-point or bend of the outlet-pipe or sizo phon. The vessel standing full with water or liquid wastes to this overflow-point, the outletpipe is made to act as a siphon by adding a sulicient volume of water. It then withdraws the contents ofthe vessel by siphon action.

I am aware that prior to my invention water-closets, Sac., were constructed to hold water to a considerable depth by au elevation ofthe outilow-pipe; but the contents of such closets were discharged either by the velocity of a strongjet of water, and without a true siphon action, or by introducing into the outlet-limb ot the exit-pipe a jet of water or a current ot' air, which while it may have produced a true siphonage did so by means different from those which I employ. I am aware also that prior to my invention automatic Hush-tanks having for their object the cleansing of drains were constructed to be discharged by the operation of siphons; but such lushtanks were not in- 4o tended to be used as water-closetsor urinals,

nor were they suited for such use. Such an automatic ilush-tank is that invented by Rogers Field, and described in the English Patent No. 3,348 ot' 1872; but this tank is not a watercloset, nor is it capable of being applied to that use.

I am also aware oi' the English Patent No. 577 of 1870, of which the drawings indicate a closet somewhat resembling my invention in 5o itsgeneralconstruction,and of which thespeciication asserts that when the water is discharged into the bowl the overflow causes the lower end ofthe siphon to be sealed and causes asiphon action to be set up by which the contents ot' the bowl are withdrawn. In this case 55 the similarity ot' form, as shown by the drawings, is only accidental, the closet there shown being emptied by the 'orceotl the supply-stream thrown into it., and not by Siphon action. The assertion set forth in the specification that the 6o lower end ofthe siphon is sealed and that the contents ofthe bowl are withdrawn by siphou action is au error on the part of the inventor.V Such sealing cannot take place under the circumstances indicated, nor can the contents ot' 65 the bowl be withdrawn by Siphon action, the apparatus being constructed as described and shown, the more especially as the intake would adm-it air as soon as the discharge began. In

order to facilitate siphou action iu my inven- 7o tion, I do not increase the diameter ot the discharging-limb ofthe siphon as it descends, but maintain the same diameter throughout, that the space to be closed against the admission of air may be kept as small as possible.

The principle ot' my invention is as follows, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and a water-closet being taken as an illustration: I

In the drawings, Figure l represents a ver- 8o tical section through the closet, water-supply, Siphon, and Weir-chamber, showing the relation of the different parts to each other. Fig. 2 is a top view or plan ofthe closet and its attachments.

The water-closet A B F, constructed ofearthenware or ot metal, conssts-of two compartmentsone the bowl A, the other` the waterchamber F. The water-chamber F is elevated slightly above the bowl A. It is connected 9o with the supply-pipe K, and has an overflowpipe, G,which communicates through the chainberLwith the bowlA. The overtlow-pipeG has a small hole, H, near its lower end. Connected with thebowl A is an exit channel or pipe, g5 B, which is connected with an extension of the exit-pipe C, delivering into the Weir-chamber D in such a manner that the pipes B and C constitute a Siphon, of which B is the receiving-limb and C the dischurging-limb. The disroo charging-limb delivers into a weir-chainber, D, which has its overflow M at an elevation lower than the lower end of' the discharging-limb C, where this lower end crossesthe Weir-chamber D. The depth to which water is heldin the bowl A is regulated by the height of the bend between the receiving-limb B andthe discharging-limb C, and it may be of' greater or less height, according to the depth to which it is desired to retain the water, without thereby atl'ecting the operation ot' the'closet. In an ordinary water-closet I find it desirable to hold water to a depth of" about nine inches, giving a positive seal ot' six inches between the intake of' the receiving-limb and the surface ot' water in the bowl. rI`his depth should always be so much that the water remaining in the receiving-limb D, on dropping back af'ter the siphon breaks,"7 will suflce to furnish a considerable seal at the intake. It is desirable that this depth ot' water, constituting what is technically known as the depth ot' seal77 or the dip, should be at least as great as the greatest diameter ofthe siphon, so that air may not enter the intake until f'ull siphonage is set up, and so that an immediate resealing may be insured after accidental siphonage. \Vhen the weir-chamber D is filled with water to its overfiowpoint there is a space between the surface of the water and the lower end ofthe discharging-limb at E. This space brings the air in the Siphon B C into free communication with the air ot' the soil-pipe; but this open space at E is so restricted that the introduction of a small quantity of water into the Weir-chamber D causes its contents to well up, so as to come into contact with the bottom ot' the discharging-pipe E, thus separating the air ofthe discharging-pipe from the air of' the soil-pipe. This being done, a continuance of the flow through the discharging-limb G carries with it a portion ofthe confined air ofthe siphon, and so lessens the resistance ol' its atmosphere to that of the atmospheric pressure in the bowl A and induces an increased flow into the receiving-limb D. As the flow increases the withdrawal ot' air from the siphon increases also, and a true siphon action is soon set up, which continues until the water in the bowl A descends to the intake of the receiving-limb B, when it is followed by air, which arrests the Siphon action. The contents of' the weir-chamber D continue to escape at the overflow-point M until the surface ot its water drops away from the lower end ot' the discharging-limb at E, admitting air from the soil-pipe. The siphon is then completely emptied of its water, and so much ot' its contents as remained in the receiving-limb B drops back through the intake and seals the exit from the closet.

lHaving thus described theprincipleon which the closet works, I now proceed to explain its operation in practice.

The water-chamber F is empty, the bowl A is f'ull to its point of overflow between B and G, and the Weir-chamber is full to its point of overtlow at M. The handle N being lifted,

the cock O is opened and water rushes through the supply-pipe K into the chamber F niuch more rapidly than it can escape through the hole H. The chamber being filled, it overflows at G and passes through the compartment L into the bowl A. Water rises in the receiving-limb B, overflows through C, raises the water-level in the wcir-chamber D until it reaches the lower end ot' the discharging-limb at E and imprisons the air ofthe siphon. 'Ihe flow into the bowl A continuing, the movement ot' water through this confined atmosphere continues and carries with it, as its delivery increases, an increased volume ot' this confined atmosphere, until a strong siphon action is established, withdrawing from the bowl A not only the water which it originally contained, and which may have been fouled by use, but also the clean water flowing from the chamber F. 'Vhen the emptying of' the bowl is indicated by the suction ot' air at the intake of the limb B the handle N is dropped and the water-supply is shut ofi'. The air taken into the siphon when the bowl became emptied arrests the siphon action, the contents of' the pipe (l fall into the Weir-chamber I) and overtiow into the soil-pipe, and the contents of the receiving-limb B t'all back and seal the intake. The bowl A i-s now slowly filled by the discharge of' the contents ofthe chamber F through the hole H. 'Ihe weir-chamber discharges its surplus water over the overflow and unscals the vent at E, so that there can be no further withdrawal ot' water from the bowl A until a sufficient volume ot' water is again delivered into it to cause another sealing of' the vent E. This can take place only when the supplyvalve 0 is again opened, or when water in considerable quantity is delivered into the bowl A by other means. Other means ot' watersnpply may be used to effect the same ends. For the lowering of;l the water-level in the Weir-chamber D, I do not wish to contne mysclt' to a depression of the overtlow-point M. This point-may be higher than the lower end of the discharging-limb E,and the contents ot' the Weir-chamber D may be lowered by the action of' a subsidiary siphon leading from the Weir-chamber over the point M and delivering` to the outlet. Neither do I wish to coutine myself to a Weir-chamber of' the t'orm indicated in the drawings. The same effect may be secured by other forms of' obstruction at the month ot the siphon which will prevent the entrance ot' air into it during its flow.

The foregoing is a description of' a watercloset intended to perf'orm the ofllce of watercloscts as usually constructed. may be made smaller and adapted for use as a urinal, or it may be made much larger, so that the bowl would constitute a slop-hopper suficiently large to hold the daily product ot' liquid wastes of' a small family. For such use the water-chamber It may be dispensed with, and the chamber A may receive, in addition to its usc as a water-closet, all of the liquid wastes ofthe family. Then by repeated additions it The apparatus IOO IIO

has been filled to the height of the overowpoint of the siphon between B and C the delivery into it of an additional pailful of water will cause its contents to be discharged as described.

Havingthus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A water-closet or urinal of which the contents aie discharged by the action of a valveless siphon having a depth of seal or dip greater that the greatest diameter ofthe siphon.

2. In combination with the bowl ot' a watercloset or urinal whose contents are discharged by the action ot' a valveless siphon, a siphon which is ot' uniform diameter throughout its length, substantially as shown.

3. ln combination with the bowl of a watercloset or urinal, a dischargingsiphon, the mouth of whose discharging-limb delivers to a Weir-chamber or a false trap or other form ot' obstruction so. constructed that when the outiow of the siphon is greater than the capacity ot' the free space between the mouth of the siphon and the bottom ot' the overiow of the Weir-cham ber or false trap, or between the mouth ot' the siphon and the obstruction, the mouth ot' the siphon becomes sealed or closed against the admission ot' air, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with the bowl ot' a water closet or urinal and a siphon by which the same is discharged, a Weir-chamber or false trap so constructed that the water discharged into it wells up so as to seal or close the mouth ofthe outlet at the beginning ot' the flow, and from which a portion of the water remaining at the end of the How is discharged, so as to uuseal or openthe mouth of the outlet, substantially as set forth.

5. In combination with the bowl ot' a watercloset or urinal and a siphon for discharging its contents, a Weir-chamber or false trap or other obstruction so constructed that the mouth ofthe siphon'is sealed at the beginning ofthe tlow and is unsealed afterthe tlow ceases, substantially as set forth.

6. A water-closet or uriual of which the coutents are discharged by the action ot' a valveless siphon so constructed that the mouth ot' the receiving-limb of thesiphon is not opened 5o tor the admission ot' air until after the water in the bowl is lowered to less than one-halt' its normal depth7 substantially as set forth.

eno. E. WARING, JR.

Witnesses:

HARRY TIFFANY, FRANK TWEEDY. 

